What’s Itching You Today? Contact Derm? Atopic Derm? What Else?

Shawn G. Kwatra, MD, presented a compelling session on the evaluation and management of chronic itch, underscoring its profound impact on patient quality of life. Chronic pruritus, he noted, impairs quality of life to a degree comparable to that of stroke and more than conditions such as heart failure with an implantable defibrillator or patients on hemodialysis. Despite being one of the most common symptoms in dermatology, pruritus often remains diagnostically elusive and therapeutically challenging. Through a series of illustrative cases, Dr Kwatra emphasized that chronic itch can be the first sign of systemic disease and requires careful evaluation beyond the skin. 

Dr Kwatra discussed emerging insights into the genetic and immunologic underpinnings of chronic itch, including a potential polygenic risk association in prurigo nodularis. He reviewed targeted treatments such as dupilumab, which has shown efficacy for chronic itch of various etiologies, and low-dose naltrexone, which modulates μ-opioid signaling and inflammatory mediators to relieve refractory scalp pruritus and symptoms in conditions such as epidermolysis bullosa. Additionally, he provided a practical framework for laboratory and clinical evaluation, including eosinophil counts and screening for systemic causes when the origin of itch is unclear. Concluding with complex cases of widespread pruritic dermatoses, Dr Kwatra illustrated how integrating immune profiling and genomic analysis can identify dominant cytokine pathways (IL-13, IL-17) and guide rational biologic therapy selection.